Water is essential for human life. Various water sources include rain, streams,rivers, lakes, ponds, open wells, bore wells, tube wells etc. Every household needs water for a number of purposes like cooking, drinking, washing of utensils, cleaning of the house, bathing, washing of clothes, personal sanitation, for house hold animals and watering plants around the house. The challenge is to ensure water of adequate quality in sufficient quantities for each purpose so that the quality of life is improved. The critical issue in water and sanitation is that of its usage for most purposes leads to further contamination of the remaining water. Extreme care and careful measures are required to avoid this. Thus, most of the sanitation activities are aimed at mitigating the contamination of soil and water sources. As part of Swachh Bharat Abhiyan, a lot of activities are undertaken to ensure a clean India. Freedom from open defecation is the goal for all villages of India.
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